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Scientific Highlights

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Datum
31 January 2023
heart

X-ray tomography helps understand how the heart beats

Researchers at the Swiss Light Source SLS use X-ray phase contrast imaging to study a heart in action as it beats.

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31 January 2023
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy spectra

Updated electrochemical impedance model for understanding the interface of metallic lithium

Lithium metal negative electrodes are often used as counter electrodes while testing other electrochemically active materials, and are considered to be equivalent, independently of their thickness, supplier and production processes used. Here, we clearly demonstrate, using Electrochemical Impedance spectroscopy (EIS) that it is not the case, as well as the often-used symmetric cells are actually not so symmetric, when EIS spectra are disentangled using Thee-electrode cells.

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30 January 2023
Researchers revealed how electrons pair up within the kagome lattice in an unusual conformation, giving rise to unconventional superconductivity (Image: Paul Scherrer Institute/ Mahir Dzambegovic)

Unconventional superconductivity found in kagome metal

Physicists using muon spin spectroscopy at PSI make the missing link between their recent breakthrough in Nature and unconventional superconductivity

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26 January 2023
MagDev

CHART MagDev CCT Dipole achieves record field

As one of the first CHART projects, the MagDev activity at PSI designed and built a canted-cosine theta (CCT) demonstrator magnet, wound from Nb3Sn conductor.

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24 January 2023
Tool Steel

Solidification modes during additive manufacturing

The thermal conditions during laser-based additive manufacturing are inferred from high-speed X-ray diffraction data and can be linked to a model for rapid solidification.

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21 January 2023
LCMO_ion_expansion_APA_2023

PLD plasma plume analysis, a summary of the PSI contribution

We report on the properties of laser-induced plasma plumes generated by ns pulsed excimer lasers as used for pulsed laser deposition to prepare thin oxide films. A focus is on the time and spatial evolution of chemical species in the plasma plume as well as the mechanisms related to the plume expansion. The overall dynamics of such a plume is governed by the species composition in particular if three or more elements are involved. We studied the temporal evolution of the plume, the composition of the chemical species in the plasma, as well as their electric charge. In particular, ionized species can have an important influence on film growth. Likewise, the different oxygen sources contributing to the overall oxygen content of an oxide film are presented and discussed. Important for the growth of oxide thin films is the compositional transfer of light element such as oxygen or Li. We will show and discuss how to monitor these light elements using plasma spectroscopy and plasma imaging and outline some consequences of our experimental results.

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19 January 2023
charge_order_LSCO

Fate of charge order in overdoped La-based cuprates

In high-temperature cuprate superconductors, stripe order refers broadly to a coupled spin and charge modulation with a commensuration of eight and four lattice units, respectively. How this stripe order evolves across optimal doping remains a controversial question. Here we present a systematic resonant inelastic x-ray scattering study of weak charge correlations in La2−xSrxCuO4 and La1.8−xEu0.2SrxCuO4. Ultra high energy resolution experiments demonstrate the importance of the separation of inelastic and elastic scattering processes. Long-range temperature-dependent stripe order is only found below optimal doping. At higher doping, short-range temperature-independent correlations are present up to the highest doping measured. This transformation is distinct from and preempts the pseudogap critical doping. We argue that the doping and temperature-independent short-range correlations originate from unresolved electron–phonon coupling that broadly peaks at the stripe ordering vector. In La2−xSrxCuO4, long-range static stripe order vanishes around optimal doping and we discuss both quantum critical and crossover scenarios.

 

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16 January 2023
(Image: Adobe Stock/vectorfusionart)

Making the most of our data

New initiatives will develop open data practices in key strategic areas including electron microscopy and materials science at Paul Scherrer Institute PSI.

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9 January 2023
Unusual ferrimagnetism

Unusual ferrimagnetism in CaFe2O4

Rare ferrimagnet states in a phase competing antiferromagnet.

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21 December 2022
Prevention of freezing propagation in fuel cells using segmentation

Prevention of freezing propagation in fuel cells using segmentation

The ability to start-up in extreme environmental conditions, including sub-freezing temperatures, is essential to the deployment of the fuel cell technology. Water produced in fuel cells at these temperatures can be in the super-cooled state, and freezing can lead to a rapid shutdown, as water cannot be removed anymore as a liquid. By segmenting a fuel cell, it is possible to prevent the propagation of freezing, which enables the cell operation even after the first freezing event occurred.

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PSI Scientific Reports

Archive 2006-2012. The Scientific Reports – containing accounts of research topics from all the different areas – provide an impression of the variety of subjects researched at PSI.

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