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Scientific Highlights: Research Division "Research with Neutrons and Muons"

29 août 2023
Sala et al

Field-tuned quantum renormalization of spin dynamics in the honeycomb lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet YbCl3

The basis for our understanding of quantum magnetism has been the study of elegantly simple model systems. However, even for the antiferromagnetic honeycomb lattice with isotropic spin interactions – one of the simplest model systems – a detailed understanding of quantum effects is still lacking. Here, using inelastic neutron scattering measurements of the honeycomb lattice material YbCl3, we elucidate how quantum effects renormalize ...

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21 août 2023
Flokstra et al

Spin-orbit driven superconducting proximity effects in Pt/Nb thin films

Manipulating the spin state of thin layers of superconducting material is a promising route to generate dissipationless spin currents in spintronic devices. Approaches typically focus on using thin ferromagnetic elements to perturb the spin state of the superconducting condensate to create spin-triplet correlations. We have investigated simple structures that generate spin-triplet correlations without using ferromagnetic elements.

 

En savoir plus
18 août 2023
Guguchia et al, npj QM

Unconventional charge order and superconductivity in kagome-lattice systems as seen by muon-spin rotation

Kagome lattices are intriguing and rich platforms for studying the intertwining of topology, electron correlation, and magnetism. These materials have been subject to tremendous experimental and theoretical studies not only due to their exciting physical properties but also as systems that may solve critical technological problems. We will review recent experimental progress on superconductivity and magnetic fingerprints of charge order in several kagome-lattice systems from the local-magnetic probe point of view by utilizing muon-spin rotation under extreme conditions, i.e., hydrostatic pressure, ultra low temperature and high magnetic field.

 

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17 août 2023
Han et al

Strong phonon softening and avoided crossing in aliovalence-doped heavy-band thermoelectrics

Aliovalent doping is a way to optimize the electrical properties of semiconductors, but its impact on the phonon structure and propagation is seldom considered properly. Here we show that aliovalent doping can be much more effective in reducing the lattice thermal conductivity of thermoelectric semiconductors than the commonly employed isoelectronic alloying strategy. We demonstrate ...

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9 août 2023
grab_prr_ca

Direct observation of exchange anisotropy in the helimagnetic insulator Cu2OSeO3

The helical magnetic structures of cubic chiral systems are well explained by the competition among Heisen- berg exchange, Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, cubic anisotropy, and anisotropic exchange interaction (AEI). Recently, the role of the latter has been argued theoretically to be crucial for the low-temperature phase diagram of the cubic chiral magnet Cu2OSeO3, which features tilted conical and disordered skyrmion states for a specific orientation of the applied magnetic field (μ0H⃗ ∥ [001]). In this study ...

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2 août 2023
Pfeilspitze

Bronze Age arrowhead is made of meteoritic iron

Miscellaneous Research with muons

With the help of muons, PSI researchers were able to determine the origin of the material used for an arrowhead.

En savoir plus
1 août 2023
Brahlek et al

Emergent Magnetism with Continuous Control in the Ultrahigh-Conductivity Layered Oxide PdCoO2

The current challenge to realizing continuously tunable magnetism lies in our inability to systematically change properties, such as valence, spin, and orbital degrees of freedom, as well as crystallographic geometry. Here, we demonstrate that ferromagnetism can be externally turned on with the application of low-energy helium implantation and can be subsequently erased and returned to the pristine state via annealing.

 

En savoir plus
10 juillet 2023
Microgele

Mystery of microgels solved

Media Releases Research Using Neutrons Fundamentals of Nature

Researchers at PSI and the University of Barcelona can explain the strange shrinking of microgels experimentally.

En savoir plus
27 juin 2023
Dominguez et al

Coupling of magnetic phases at nickelate interfaces

In this paper we present a model system built out of artificially layered materials, allowing us to understand the interrelation of magnetic phases with the metallic-insulating phase at long length scales, and enabling new strategies for the design and control of materials in devices. The artificial model system consists of superlattices made of SmNiO3 and NdNiO3 layers, – two members of the fascinating rare earth nickelate family, having different metal-to-insulator and magnetic transition temperatures. By combining two complementary techniques ....

 

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26 juin 2023
Simeth et al

Resonant Elastic X-Ray Scattering of Antiferromagnetic Superstructures in EuPtSi3

We report resonant elastic x-ray scattering of long-range magnetic order in EuPtSi3, combining different scattering geometries with full linear polarization analysis to unambiguously identify magnetic scattering contributions. At low temperatures, EuPtSi3 stabilizes type A antiferromagnetism featuring various long- wavelength modulations. For magnetic fields applied in the hard magnetic basal plane, well-defined regimes of cycloidal, conical, and fanlike superstructures may be distinguished that encompass a pocket of commensurate type A order without superstructure.

En savoir plus
23 juin 2023
Martins et al

Defect Profiling of Oxide-Semiconductor Interfaces Using Low-Energy Muons

Muon spin rotation with low-energy muons (LE-μSR) is a powerful nuclear method where electrical and magnetic properties of surface-near regions and thin films can be studied on a length scale of ≈200 nm. This study shows the potential of utilizing low-energy muons for a depth-resolved characterization of oxide-semiconductor interfaces, i.e., for silicon (Si) and silicon carbide (4H-SiC). The performance of semiconductor devices relies heavily on the quality of the oxide-semiconductor interface; thus, investigation of defects present in this region is crucial to improve the technology.

 

En savoir plus
9 juin 2023
Fogh et al

Tuning magnetoelectricity in a mixed-anisotropy antiferromagnet

Control of magnetization and electric polarization is attractive in relation to tailoring materials for data storage and devices such as sensors or antennae. In magnetoelectric materials, these degrees of freedom are closely coupled, allowing polarization to be controlled by a magnetic field, and magnetization by an electric field, but the magnitude of the effect remains a challenge in the case of single-phase magnetoelectrics for applications. 

En savoir plus
10 mai 2023
Cement hydration on the micro- and nanoscale

A deep look into hydration of cement

Researchers led by the University of Málaga show the Portland cement early age hydration with microscopic detail and high contrast between the components. This knowledge may contribute to more environmentally friendly manufacturing processes.

En savoir plus
26 avril 2023
Zhong et al

Nodeless electron pairing in CsV3Sb5-derived kagome superconductors

The newly discovered kagome superconductors represent a promising platform for investigating the interplay between band topology, electronic order and lattice geometry. Despite extensive research efforts on this system, the nature of the superconducting ground state remains elusive. In particular, consensus on the electron pairing symmetry has not been achieved so far, in part owing to the lack of a momentum-resolved measurement of the superconducting gap structure. Here we report ...

 

En savoir plus
24 avril 2023
Ortiz et al 2

Quantum disordered ground state in the triangular-lattice magnet NaRuO2

It has long been hoped that spin liquid states might be observed in materials that realize the triangular-lattice Hubbard model. However, weak spin–orbit coupling and other small perturbations often induce conventional spin freezing or magnetic ordering. Sufficiently strong spin–orbit coupling, however, can renormalize the electronic wavefunction and induce anisotropic exchange interactions that promote magnetic frustration.

 

En savoir plus
19 avril 2023
Teixeira et al

Active learning-assisted neutron spectroscopy with log-Gaussian processes

Neutron scattering experiments at three-axes spectrometers (TAS) investigate magnetic and lattice excitations by measuring intensity distributions to understand the origins of materials properties. The high demand and limited availability of beam time for TAS experiments however raise the natural question whether we can improve their efficiency and make better use of the experimenter’s time. 

En savoir plus
5 avril 2023
Artist’s impression of the JUICE mission which will explore the Jupiter system.

Jupiter mission to explore conditions conducive to life

Media Releases Miscellaneous Future Technologies Particle physics

Ganymede, Callisto and Europa: Jupiter’s icy moons are the destination of the upcoming ESA mission. On board: a high-tech detector developed by PSI.

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3 avril 2023
Peydayesh et al

Amyloid-polysaccharide interfacial coacervates as therapeutic materials

Coacervation via liquid-liquid phase separation provides an excellent oppor- tunity to address the challenges of designing nanostructured biomaterials with multiple functionalities. Protein-polysaccharide coacervates, in particular, offer an appealing strategy to target biomaterial scaffolds, but these systems suffer from the low mechanical and chemical stabilities of protein-based condensates. Here we overcome these limitations by transforming native proteins into amyloid fibrils and demonstrate ...

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16 mars 2023
MIXE analysis could reveal that the ornate upper part and functional lower part of the rare knob-bow fibula were made using different methods

Muonic X-rays peer into brooch from Roman city

Using Muon Induced X-ray Emission, researchers could reveal the inner composition of a knob-bow fibula, excavated at Augusta Raurica in northern Switzerland.

En savoir plus
14 mars 2023
A practical guide to pulsed laser deposition

A practical guide to pulsed laser deposition

Nanoscale thin films are widely implemented across a plethora of technological and scientific areas, and form the basis for many advancements that have driven human progress, owing to the high degree of functional tunability based on the chemical composition. Pulsed laser deposition is one of the multiple physical vapour deposition routes to fabricate thin films, employing laser energy to eject material from a target in the form of a plasma ...

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PSI Scientific Reports

Archive 2006-2012. The Scientific Reports – containing accounts of research topics from all the different areas – provide an impression of the variety of subjects researched at PSI.


Scientific Highlights from NUM

Complete list of the highlights from the Research Division Research with Neutrons and Muons.

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