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9 September 2020

Advances in long-wavelength native phasing at X-ray free-electron lasers

Long-wavelength pulses from the Swiss X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) have been used for de novo protein structure determination by native single-wavelength anomalous diffraction (native-SAD) phasing of serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) data. In this work, sensitive anomalous data-quality indicators and model proteins were used to quantify improvements in native-SAD at XFELs such as utilization of longer wavelengths, careful experimental geometry optimization, and better post-refinement and partiality correction. Compared with studies using shorter wavelengths at other XFELs and older software versions, up to one order of magnitude reduction in the required number of indexed images for native-SAD was achieved, hence lowering sample consumption and beam-time requirements significantly. Improved data quality and higher anomalous signal facilitate so-far underutilized de novo structure determination of challenging proteins at XFELs. Improvements presented in this work can be used in other types of SFX experiments that require accurate measurements of weak signals, for example time-resolved studies.

Original publication

Advances in long-wavelength native phasing at X-ray free-electron lasers, Karol Nass, Robert Cheng, Laura Vera, Aldo Mozzanica, Sophie Redford, Dmitry Ozerov, Shibom Basu, Daniel James, Gregor Knopp, Claudio Cirelli, Isabelle Martiel, Cecilia Casadei, Tobias Weinert, Przemyslaw Nogly, Petr Skopintsev, Ivan Usov, Filip Leonarski, Tian Geng, Mathieu Rappas, Andrew S. Doré, Robert Cooke, Shahrooz Nasrollahi Shirazi, Florian Dworkowski, May Sharpe, Natacha Olieric, Camila Bacellar, Rok Bohinc, Michel O. Steinmetz, Gebhard Schertler, Rafael Abela, Luc Patthey, Bernd Schmitt, Michael Hennig, Jörg Standfuss, Meitian Wang and Christopher J. Milne. IUCrJ PHYSICS | FELS, Volume 7, Part 6, November 2020. ISSN: 2052-2525, https://doi.org/10.1107/S2052252520011379

Edited by F. Maia, Uppsala University, Sweden (Received 3 July 2020; accepted 19 August 2020; online 9 September 2020)

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