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Scientific Highlights

Scientific Highlights

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Datum
1. August 2012

Laser-Induced Forward Transfer for the Fabrication of Devices

In conjunction with the increasing availability of cost-efficient laser units during the recent years, laser-based micromachining techniques have been developed as an indispensable industrial instrument of ‘‘tool-free’’ high-precision manufacturing techniques for the production of miniaturized devices made of nearly every type of materials. Laser cutting and drilling, as well as surface etching, have grown meanwhile to mature standard methods in laser micromachining applications where a well-defined laser beam is used to remove material by laser ablation. As an accurately triggerable nonmechanical tool, the ablating laser beam directly allows a subtractive direct-write engraving of precise microscopic structure patterns on surfaces, such as microchannels, grooves, and well arrays, as well as for security features. Therefore, laser direct-write (LDW) techniques imply originally a controlled material ablation to create a patterned surface with spatially resolved three-dimensional structures, and gained importance as an alternative to complementary photolithographic wet-etch processes. However, with more extended setups, LDW techniques can also be utilized to deposit laterally resolved micropatterns on surfaces, which allows, in a general sense, for the laser-assisted ‘‘printing’’ of materials.

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3. Juli 2012
Room-temperature conductance of LASTO:x films for (a) x=0.50, (b) x=0.75, and (c) x=1. The dashed vertical lines for x=1.0 and 0.75 indicate the experimentally determined threshold thicknesses tc, which for x=0.5, is represented by a band for the more gradual transition. All values were obtained after ensuring that the samples had remained in dark conditions for a sufficiently long time to avoid any photoelectric contributions. The blue triangles are samples belonging to the first set, and red points denot…

Tunable conductivity threshold at polar oxide interfaces

The physical mechanisms responsible for the formation of a two-dimensional electron gas at the interface between insulating SrTiO3 and LaAlO3 have remained a contentious subject since its discovery in 2004. Opinion is divided between an intrinsic mechanism involving the build-up of an internal electric potential due to the polar discontinuity at the interface between SrTiO3 and LaAlO3, and extrinsic mechanisms attributed to structural imperfections.

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27. Juni 2012

Sequential printing by laser-induced forward transfer to fabricate a polymer light-emitting diode pixel

Patterned deposition of polymer light-emitting diode (PLED) pixels is a challenge for electronic display applications. PLEDs have additional problems requiring solvent orthogonality of different materials in adjacent layers. We present the fabrication of a PLED pixel by the sequential deposition of two different layers with laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT), a “dry” deposition technique. This novel use of LIFT has been compared to “normal” LIFT, where all the layers are transferred in a single step, and a conventional PLED fabrication process.

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18. Juni 2012
(a) Mn K-edge XANES spectra of the ∼60 nm o-LMO epitaxial film were measured at room temperature for polarizations E || [110] and E || [001]. The inset shows the magnified pre-edge features. (b) FEFF simulations using the crystallographic data of the bulk o-LMO sample for E || [110] and E || [001]. The simulated pre-edges are shown on a larger scale in the inset.

Laser-Induced Forward Transfer for the Fabrication of Devices

X-ray near edge absorption spectroscopy was used to probe the electronic structure of multiferroic orthorhombic LuMnO3 polycrystalline samples and strained, twin-free orthorhombic (1–10) LuMnO3 films grown by pulsed laser deposition on (1–10) YAlO3 substrates. For all o-LuMnO3 samples x-ray near edge absorption spectroscopy spectra reveal that the pre-edge structure is influenced by the increase in MnO6 distortion as a result of the smaller Re-ion or film strain. Furthermore there is clear evidence of anisotropic Mn-O bonding and Mn orbital ordering along the c- and [110] direction. The experimental film and bulk data are in agreement with ab initio simulations.

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15. Mai 2012
Summary of the LIFT process for tri-color OLED pixels. The 1-D substrate architecture is shown for the LIFT donor substrate (a) and the receiver substrate (b). The transfer of the first OLED color, blue, is shown in detail with the laser beam approaching (c) and the TP ablation and pixel deposition (d). LIFT of the green (e) and red (f) OLEDs is shown in sequence, and EL operation of the final three colors, side-by-side is also shown (g).

Red-green-blue polymer light-emitting diode pixels printed by optimized laser-induced forward transfer

An optimized laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) technique has been used to fabricate tri-color organic light-emitting diode (OLED) pixels. At reduced pressures, and with a defined donor-receiver gap, patterned depositions of polyfluorene-based OLED pixels have been achieved. OLED pixel functionality has been demonstrated and compared with devices made using conventional deposition techniques. In addition, improved functionality has been obtained by coating the cathode with an electron-injecting layer, a process not possible using conventional OLED fabrication techniques. The OLED pixels fabricated by LIFT reach efficiencies on the range of conventionally fabricated devices and even surpass them in the case of blue pixels.

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