Methods

Infrared spectroscopy

Raman spectroscopy
Uv-Visible spectroscopy

Infrared spectroscopy allows for the identification of adsorbates, their behavior and reactivity.

 Raman spectroscopy is suitable to uncover the vibrational structure of metal oxides and adsorbates.

 

UV-Visible spectroscopy probes electronic transitions delivering information on the oxidation state and coordination environment.

 

 

X-ray absorption spectroscopy
X-ray emission spectroscopy
Small-angle X-ray scattering

X-ray absorption spectroscopy is an element-specific technique for investigation of the local geometric and electronic structure.

 

X-ray emission spectroscopy is an element- and site-specific technique probing occupied electronic states.

Small-angle X-ray scattering delivers information on morphology, particle size distribution and microstructure.

 

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
X-ray diffraction
Tools & Equipment
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy allows the identification of chemical and electronic states of materials.X-ray diffraction identifies the crystallographic structure, the chemical composition and the crystallite size of materials.

Tools and equipment available