Scientific Highlights
Three-Dimensional Spin Rotations in a Monolayer Electron System
In the emerging field of spintronics, the generation, injection, and in particular the control of highly spin polarized currents are main issues to be solved. Lifting of spin degeneracy by the spin-orbit interaction at surfaces, known as Rashba effect, represents a promising approach, since it generates two spin-polarized bands without the necessity of an external field. In our recent study, we realize such a system for a metallic surface layer on a semiconductor: Au/Ge(111).
Physicists observe the splitting of an electron inside a solid
An electron has been observed to decay into two separate parts, each carrying a particular property of the electron: a spinon carrying its spin – the property making the electron behave as a tiny compass needle – and an orbiton carrying its orbital moment – which arises from the electron’s motion around the nucleus. These newly created particles, however, cannot leave the material in which they have been produced.
Creating magnetism takes much longer than destroying it
Researchers at the Paul Scherrer Institute are finding out how long it takes to establish magnetism and how this happens.
Origin of the Large Polarization in Multiferroic YMnO3 Thin Films
Multiferroic materials have attracted much interest because of their ability to control magnetism by the application of an electric field. This ability is expected to reduce the power required by electronic devices and to increase their speed. However, the number of multiferroic materials discovered so far has been small, and ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity in the known materials are often much weaker than required for practical applications.
Liquids in narrow spaces
How does spatial confinement affect the microscopic structure of liquids?
This is a question which is receiving increasing attention from condensed matter physicists. Liquids are characterized by a short-ranged, so-called local structure, and it has been predicted theoretically about 25 years ago that confinement induces anisotropy in the local structure, and hence many properties, of liquids.
A close look at correlated electrons in heavy-fermion metal through ARPES
Showing astonishing properties like magnetism, superconductivity, Kondo and heavy-fermion (HF) behavior, rare-earth intermetallic compounds have been at the forefront of modern solid state physics for many years. Most of these properties are related to a delicate interplay between the partially filled 4f-shell and conduction electrons.
New insights into the cell’s protein factory
Eukaryotic ribosomes are among the most complex cellular machineries of the cell. These large macromolecular assemblies are responsible for the production of all proteins and are thus of pivotal importance to all forms of life. Two independent research groups at the ETH Zürich and the Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology in Strasbourg have obtained new insights into the atomic structure of the eukaryotic ribosome. The results have been published in the journal Science.
Bilayer manganites reveal polarons in the midst of a metallic breakdown
The origin of colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) in manganese oxides is among the most challenging problems in condensed- matter physics today. The true nature of the low-temperature electronic phase of these materials is heavily debated. By combining photoemission and tunnelling data, we show that in the archetypal bilayer system La2-2xSr1+2xMn2O7, polaronic degrees of freedom win out across the CMR region of the phase diagram.
Investigation of a new method for the diagnosis of cancer in breast tissue
Collaboration between research, hospital and industry aimed at transferring innovative procedure into daily practice.